Dementia and Alzheimer’s are related but distinct conditions that affect cognitive function. Here’s a breakdown of the differences between the two:

Dementia:

Dementia is an umbrella term used to describe a group of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform daily activities. It is not a specific disease but rather a syndrome caused by various underlying conditions. These conditions can include Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and others. Dementia is characterized by a decline in cognitive abilities that impairs a person’s overall functioning and independence.

Alzheimer’s Disease:

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for approximately 60-80% of dementia cases. It is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the brain, leading to memory loss, cognitive decline, and changes in behavior and personality. Alzheimer’s is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal proteins in the brain, such as beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles, which disrupt the communication between brain cells and cause their eventual death. The exact cause of Alzheimer’s is still not fully understood.

In summary, dementia is a general term encompassing a range of cognitive symptoms, while Alzheimer’s disease is a specific neurological condition that is the most common cause of dementia. Other types of dementia have different underlying causes and may present with distinct symptoms. It’s important to note that a comprehensive medical evaluation by a healthcare professional is necessary to determine the specific cause of dementia in an individual.